How Can You Contract HIV through Sex?

To

understand this better,  you have to know the media through which HIV can get to the body of  a human
You should know that HIV can be transmitted through blood contact and body fluids during sex.
During unprotected sex, HIV can be transmitted via the bodily fluids of an infected person (blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-cum or anal mucus) to their sexual partner.
People are at high risk of getting the disease if they are been infected by persons who recently got the disease. How?  Why?

Well,  this is why.;
During unprotected sex, HIV can be transmitted via the bodily fluids of an infected person (blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-cum or anal mucus) to their sexual partner.

Risk of getting HiV through anal sex.

For those who don't know, Anal sex or anal intercourse is generally the insertion and thrusting of the erect penis into a person's anus, or anus and rectum, for sexual pleasure.
There have been claims that HIV cannot be contracted through anal sex.  False.
The risk of contracting HIV through anal sex is the greatest;Anal sex is the most risky because the lining of the anus is more delicate than the lining of the vagina and is more easily damaged. Receptive anal sex (“bottoming”) is riskier than insertive anal sex (“toppings")

Anal Sex versus Oral Sex

There is a very small chance of getting HIV from unprotected oral sex, but only if the person giving oral sex has mouth ulcers, sores or bleeding gums, or if the person receiving oral sex has been recently infected.

Having multiple sexual partners and/or STIs also increases the risk of HIV infection via unprotected sex.

Depression and the outcomes of HIV treatment

People with HIV who spend more time living with depression have poorer engagement with care and have worse long-term outcomes, according to a new study.

The study included almost 6000 people being treated at eight American hospitals. The symptoms of depression were assessed every six months. The researchers then calculated the proportion of days a person had been depressed – for example, 50% of days in the last six months, or 75% of days in the last six months.

While a third of people in the study had no days with depression, the average was 14% of days with depression. Four per cent of people were depressed every day.

In the whole sample, around a fifth of scheduled appointments were missed. And for each 25% increase in the proportion of days with depression, there was an 8% increase in the risk of missing an appointment.

Around a fifth of viral load measurements were above the limit of detection, indicating treatment that was not fully effective, possibly because of difficulties with adherence. Again, people with depressive symptoms were a little more likely to have a detectable viral load – for each 25% increase in the proportion of days with depression, there was a 5% increase in the risk of this.

There were 158 deaths during the study. Each 25% increase in depression was linked with a 19% increased risk of death.

PrEP breakthrough and drug resistance very rare



Another case of infection with HIV in a person consistently taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) was reported last week at the 25th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2018) in Boston.

However, a lack of monitoring and a failure to test for HIV around the time he experienced what may have been HIV seroconversion symptoms means that it is difficult to be 100% certain that this is a case of PrEP failure.

Reports of HIV infection in people taking PrEP are extremely rare. Two cases were presented in 2016 of people who were infected with drug-resistant virus despite taking PrEP, one in Toronto and one in New York. A third case from Amsterdam in 2017 did not involve drug-resistant HIV.

In this case, because of lack of monitoring, it is impossible to say whether the patient caught HIV that was already resistant to the PrEP drugs tenofovir and emtricitabine, or whether resistance developed as a result of his staying on PrEP for a month after suspected symptoms of acute HIV infection were seen.

Another study presented at the conference set out to estimate how likely it is that people with detectable viral load might transmit HIV that is resistant to both the drugs used in PrEP. The researchers found that in King County, which contains Seattle, no more than 0.3% of the local HIV-positive population had viral loads over 10,000 copies/ml, and also high-level resistance to tenofovir and emtricitabine